Electrostatic deflections and electromechanical resonances of carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotube mechanics projects mechanical behavior. Nptel video course nanotechnology nano structured materialssynthesis, properties, self assembly. Graphite is made up of layers of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, like chicken wire see. Carbon nanotubes cnts are an unusual, tubular form of carbon, composed of a lattice of carbon hexagons rolled into a tube of nanometerscale diameter. In those cases, iron nanoparticles were used as the catalyst. Singlewalled carbon nanotubes 207 iv data recorded along the two tubes discussed earlier exhibit very different features fig.
We are in the module 3 and this is the last lecture of module 3. These tubes of carbon are usually only a few nanometres wide, but they can range from less than a micrometre to several millimetres in length. International journal of engineering research and general. Xray photoelectron spectroscopy electronic state of the element n chiral a chiral molecule is a type of molecule that has nonsuperimposable mirror images i. Carbon nanotubes are remarkable objects that look set to revolutionize the technological landscape in the near future. Growth of carbon nanotubes via chemical vapor deposition. Graphene is an example of a planar fullerene sheet. Carbon nanotubes are currently the focus of intense research due to their unique properties and potential to impact broad areas of science and technology. Carbon nanotubes cnts are allotropes of carbon with a nanostructure that can have a lengthtodiameter ratio greater than 1,000,000. Mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes wikipedia. As a group, carbon nanotubes typically have diameters ranging from synthesis, properties, self assembly and applications. Synthesis of carbon nanotubes fb physik, fu berlin.
Nanoc carbon nanotubes, fullerenes and fullerene derivatives. These are large macromolecules that are unique for their size, shape, and remarkable physical properties. Raman spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes sciencedirect. This makes it difficult to purify and arrange the cnts for application purposes. Types, methods of preparation and applications parijat pandey, mandeep dahiya department of pharmaceutical sciences, maharshi dayanan d university, rohtak, har yana, india. Lecture notes part 1 pdf 233 pages lecture notes part 2 pdf 198 pages lecture notes part 3 pdf 143 pages lecture notes part 4 pdf 68 pages special topics. A carbon nanotubes as we have discussed earlier in this course are can be of.
The tensile strength of abs without carbon nanotubes as fillers is 40. Carbon nanotubes and graphene are the one and twodimensional forms of carbon. For example, streptavidin has been crystallized in a helical conformation around multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotube synthesis and growth mechanism intechopen. Carbon nanotubes also are stable at high temperatures and have very high thermal conductivities. Cnt are of high technological interest because they can be produced or refined to possess specific properties such as high. Characterization of carbon nanotubes by the raman spectroscopy 435 is observable for defectfree sp2 carbons. Although graphene sheets have 2d symmetry, carbon nanotubes by geometry have different properties in axial and radial directions. John hart4,5 worldwide commercialinterest in carbon nanotubes cnts is reflectedin aproduction capacity that presently exceeds several thousand tons per year.
For the tube we assigned as 11, 2 or 12, 2, the ldos is finite and constant between. Carbon nanotubes seminar report by shuhabutariq 1si03ec109 5 nanotubes are cylindrical fullerenes. Techniques have been developed to produce nanotubes in sizeable quantities, including arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition. Experience the power and versatility of nanoc fullerenes and carbon nanotubes today. Most commonly used cnt precursors are methane, ethylene, acetylene, benzene, xylene and carbon monoxide. Lecture 15 fullerences and carbon nanotubes digimat. The resulting values of tensile test we can see in table 2.
Biomedical nanotechnology uploaded a video 2 years ago 3. Introduction carbon nanostructures like fullerenes, graphene and nanotubes are of great interest for the current research as well as for future industrial applications. Introduction to carbon nanotubes and their applications 1. The following figure shows the three orientations that are possible. Developments in the past few years have illustrated the potentially revolutionizing impact of nanomaterials. In the article carbon nanotubes, the synthesis, structure, properties, and potential applications of multiwalled and singlewalled variants of carbon were discussed extensively. Carbon nanotubes are molecularscale carbon fibres with structures related to those of the fullerenes. Carbon nanotube transistors for biosensing applications. Nano structured materialssynthesis, properties, self. Carbon nanotubes and their methods of synthesis slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The high temperature routes, such as the electricarc discharge technique. Present and future commercial applications michael f.
In graphene, carbon atoms are densely organized in a regular sp2. Nanoc is driving a new era of global innovation by delivering a new generation of materials that are stronger and more durable than anything known to man, while also being lightweight, extremely efficient and low cost. Introduction to carbon nanotubes and their applications. Programs using nptel content for teachers in engineering colleges. The mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes reveal them as one of the strongest materials in nature. Carbon nanotubes cnts are cylindrical molecules that consist of rolledup sheets of singlelayer carbon atoms graphene. Most of the physical properties of carbon nanotubes derive from graphene. After the finding of cnts in 1991 by iijima on the cathode of an arcdischarge instrument, nanotechnology and nanoscience expanded tremendously. These bands show a dependence on the chirality and diameter of nanotubes 1 and on laser excitation energy 12.
The structure of a carbon nanotube is formed by a layer of carbon atoms that are bonded together in a hexagonal honeycomb mesh. The thermal similarity of the different types of nanotubes and the. They can be singlewalled swcnt with a diameter of less than 1 nanometer nm or multiwalled mwcnt, consisting of several concentrically interlinked nanotubes, with diameters reaching more than 100 nm. Physical properties of carbon nanotubes by saito, dresselhaus and dresselhaus imperial college press, 1998. These results are presented and discussed in connection with theoretical considerations. Carbon nanotubes cnts are long hollow cylinders of graphene. Lectures 1516 graphene and carbon nanotubes graphene is atomically thin crystal of carbon which is stronger than steel but flexible, is transparent for light, and c onducts electricity gapless semiconductor.
Characterization of carbon nanotubes by raman spectroscopy. Ichihashi, nature 363 603 1993 largescale synthesis of carbon nanotubes, t. The electrical properties of carbon nanotubes depend on how the hexagons are orientated along the axis of the tube. Carbon nanotubes carbon nanotubes, long, thin cylinders of carbon, were discovered in 1991 by sumio iijima. Introduction to carbon nanotubes carbon nanotubes were discovered in 1991 by sumio iijima of nec and are effectively long, thin cylinders of graphite, which you will be familiar with as the material in a pencil or as the basis of some lubricants. Carbon nanotubes cnt belong to a large group of hollow fiberlike carbonbased nanomaterials with diameters mostly below 100 nm and very high aspect ratios. Optical properties of carbon nanotubes carbon nanotubes are hollow tubes made entirely from carbon with diameters in the nanometer range such as the one shown in the picture below.
Photoluminescence spectra cnt chirality or asymmetry determination 7. For those of you who would like to read more about carbon nanotubes i can recommend two books. Since carbon nanotubes are currently an area of active research the books on the subject tend to be aimed at a research audience. On one hand they have molecular size and morphology.
If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Electrical properties depend on the orientation of the hexagons. Mechanics of deformation of single and multiwall carbon nanotubes. Nanotubes are promising candidates for nanoscale lightemitters and many other optical applications, especially in the infrared wavelength. Some of these applications now are beginning to reach commercial maturity, with carbon nanotubes being used as probe tips for atomic force microscopes and as field. Spherical fullerenes are also called buckyballs,and cylindrical ones are called carbon nanotubes or buckytubes. Tomorrows society will be shaped by nanotube applications, just as siliconbased technologies dominate society today. In continuation of the previous work, this article addresses the key issues on hand in carbon nanotube technology. Controlling the structure and properties of carbon nanotubes. The 10 lecture is on carbon nano tube and needs bio applications, so in lecture we are going to learn what is carbon nano tube. Carbon nanotubes properties and applications cheap tubes.
Plan of presentation introduction to cnts applications of cnts 3. Another limitation of these approaches is that the nanotubes formed are twisted around each other. Carbon nanotubes what they are, how they are made, what. Mod03 lec15 fullerences and carbon nanotubes i youtube. In other words, the nanotube with the cap is a hybrid of graphite the trunk of the nanotube and fullerene the cap. Physicists have been attracted to them because of their extraordinary electronic properties, chemists because of their. Generally, synthesis methods of carbon nanotubes can be classified into two main categories corresponding to different temperatures. The nanotubes consisted of up to several tens of graphitic shells socalled multiwalled carbon nanotubes mwnts with adjacent shell separation of 0.
Superior stiffness and strength to all other materials. These properties make carbon nanotubes wellsuited for a wide range of applications. U ltrasonic ferromagnetic catalyst will be removed from swnt. Since their discovery in 1991, they have captured the imagination of physicists, chemists and materials scientists alike.
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